International Journal of Epidemiology, Vol 22, S57-S64, Copyright © 1993 by International Epidemiological Association
J Bouyer and D Hemon
Different approaches may be considered in the evaluation of past
occupational exposures: questionnaires only, questionnaires and experts
(such as industrial hygienists or occupational physicians), questionnaires
and job exposure matrices (JEM). These approaches are described in this
paper and their use in the framework of population- based case-control
studies is discussed. The use of experts to assess exposure from
questionnaires is generally considered to be the reference method. Its
major drawbacks are its cost and the shortage of experienced experts. On
the other hand, JEM reduce the cost of the study and provide an objective
way of evaluating exposures. The main drawback of JEM is the fact that they
can produce misclassification. The development of a JEM includes the choice
of the job classification system which influences the degree to which the
matrix can be used in other studies, the precise definition of exposures,
and the choice of entries which provide more information than the
oversimplified exposed/non-exposed dichotomy. Recent results on JEM
methodology (statistical methods of analysis and evaluation of JEM quality)
should encourage both their development and their use in epidemiological
studies.
ARTICLES
Retrospective evaluation of occupational exposures in population-based case-control studies: general overview with special attention to job exposure matrices
Department of Epidemiological and Statistical Research on Environment and Health, INSERM U.170, Villejuif, France.
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